Article, item, material, or supply consumed or used in a construction project and incorporated in the constructed building or structure.
Concrete is a composite material composed of Coarse Aggregate bonded together with a fluid cement that hardens over time.
QA/QC is the combination of quality assurance, the process or set of processes used to measure and assure the quality of a product, and quality control, the process of ensuring products and services meet consumer expectations.
DEFINITION OF ITP? An Inspection and Test Plan (ITP) lays out a schedule of inspections at critical control points or 'hold points' within a process, in order to verify that things are progressing as they should be. It can be defined as the program of inspection, testing of materials, and survey to be prepared and submitted by the contractor to the Consultant for approval before usage and application to the site. An "Inspection and Test Plan" (ITP) might also be called a "Quality Inspection Plan (QTP)". Inspection and Test Plans set out critical control points or ' hold points ' at various stages within a process. Each control point is a scheduled inspection or verification activity, where you will make sure that things are progressing as they should be. Inspection and Test Plans (ITP) are often used as a way to satisfy the requirements of the ISO 9001:2015 standard related to control of production and service provision. Did yo
There is no doubt that highways, roads, and airfields are crucial for modern transportation, as they literally lay the ground for extensive movement. However, during road construction, the ground is not always guaranteed to be viable; this is dependent on the soil profile, so there is a need to comprehend the properties of soil at the sub-grade level. AASHTO M145 / ASTM D3282 -15: (Standard Practice for Classification of Soils and Soil-Aggregate Mixtures for Highway Construction Purposes) classifies soils from any geographic location into groups. This it bases on the results of laboratory tests it details to determine the particle-size characteristics, liquid limit, and plasticity index of soils. AASHTO M145 / ASTM D3282 -15 includes classification tables drawn from the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) system, which originated as the Public Roads Classification System when Hogentogler and Terzaghi developed it in 1929. Through this tab
Comparison between AASHTO and unifical soil classification system Comparison # AASHTO M145 Classification System : American Association of State Highway and Transport Officials (AASHTO) soil classification system is based on both the particle size and the plasticity characteristics. According to this system, soils are classified into eight groups A-1 to A-8, the last being peat or muck. Soils within each group are evaluated according to the group index (GI) calculated from the following empirical formula – GI = 0.2 a + 0.005 ac + 0.01 bd Where a = that part of the percent passing US sieve No. 200 greater than 35, and not exceeding 75, expressed as a positive whole number (1 to 40); b = that part of the percent passing US sieve No. 200 greater than 15, and not exceeding 55 expressed as a positive whole number (1 to 40); c = that part of the liquid limit greater than 40, and not greater than 60, expressed as a positive whole number (1 to 20), and d = that part of the p
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